Disease outbreak

Infectious diseases can cause significant health issues due to the large number of people that could be affected in a short space of time, including those with the possibility of severe symptoms.

Scenarios could range from significant outbreaks which spread slowly and can be more easily contained (e.g. in a hospital, care home or school) or a pandemic, such as Covid-19, which could cause large numbers of fatalities and put the population at risk.

How you could be affected

A pandemic occurs when a new virus / strain emerges and could:

  • infect people rapidly
  • spread from person to person
  • cause illness in a high proportion of the people infected
  • spread widely because most people will have little or no immunity to the new virus / strain
  • cause significant numbers of deaths
  • cause disruption to all sectors of society (schools, healthcare and businesses)

What you should do

  • Get all vaccinations you're eligible for (flu, COVID etc.)
  • Keep cold and flu medications at home
  • Call 111 if you think you have been infected
  • Practice good handwashing and clean surfaces frequently 
  • Have a plan for getting help if you are too ill to leave your home (pharmacy delivery service, online food shopping etc.)
  • Plan childcare in case schools close
  • If you are not vaccinated, try to get an appointment
  • Follow local health instructions
  • Stay home if you are infected to stop the spread
  • Keep your environment clean
  • Help your neighbours or family if you can
  • Work from home if possible
  • Keep up with your vaccines
  • Take it slow when returning to normal activities
  • Wear a face mask if you are vulnerable
  • Continue good hygiene
  • Use the NHS app to order prescriptions and put in place pharmacy delivery

Further advice and information

NHS website

NHS 111 – Get help for your symptoms (24/7 NHS non-emergency service)

NHS 111 – British Sign Language (BSL) Service

Individuals with hearing loss can also call 18001 111 on a text phone.

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